How to cite a file in cloud storage

Bluebook (22d ed.) citation format · B18 / R18.5 · Internet & electronic

Example

Benjamin Liebman, Empirical Research on Chinese Case Data, g.drv/liebman (Colum. L. Rev., Liebman on China, Google Drive) (last modified June 18, 2024) (on file with the Columbia Law Review).

What the citation needs

Required

None.

When they apply

Author — The author’s full name as it appears on the publication (R15.1; R16.2).
Title — The title as it appears on the source. R8(a): capitalize every word except articles, conjunctions and prepositions of four or fewer letters, unless they begin the title or follow a colon.
Folder owner — The folder owner, as it appears on the source.
Folder name — The folder name, as it appears on the source.
Service — The service, as it appears on the source.
Last modified — The last modified, as it appears on the source.
URL — The web address, where you cite the source online (R18.2).
On file with — Where a reader can get an unpublished or hard-to-find source: what follows “on file with” — “author”, or the library or journal holding it (R17.1).

In a brief and in a law review

The Bluebook sets citations two ways: the Bluepages for court documents and legal memoranda, the Whitepages for law review footnotes. Here is the first example above as each one prints it, in its typeface.

Court documents (Bluepages)

Benjamin Liebman, Empirical Research on Chinese Case Data, g.drv/liebman (Colum. L. Rev., Liebman on China, Google Drive) (last modified June 18, 2024) (on file with the Columbia Law Review).

Law review footnotes (Whitepages)

Benjamin Liebman, Empirical Research on Chinese Case Data, g.drv/liebman (Colum. L. Rev., Liebman on China, Google Drive) (last modified June 18, 2024) (on file with the Columbia Law Review).

For this source the two are set the same way.

Governing rules

B18 / R18.5

18 — the internet, electronic media & other nonprint resources.
18.5 — electronic storage media.

Build this citation with the generator, check one you have already written, or paste a whole list of footnotes to check them in order.

Related source types

Internet & electronic: